JSON Formatter & Validator

Format, validate, and beautify JSON instantly. Pretty print with configurable indentation, syntax highlighting, line numbers, and collapsible tree view. Minify JSON for production use, detect errors with precise line and column reporting, and explore your data structure visually. Free, runs entirely in your browser -- no data ever leaves your machine.

Input Paste or type JSON
Output
Formatted output will appear here...

Features

Pretty Print

Format any JSON with configurable indentation -- choose 2 spaces, 4 spaces, or tabs. The output is clean, readable, and ready to copy or download as a .json file.

Validation

Validate JSON instantly with precise error reporting. When your JSON is invalid, the tool pinpoints the exact line and column where the error occurs, making it easy to fix syntax issues.

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Syntax Highlighting

Color-coded output distinguishes keys, strings, numbers, booleans, and null values at a glance. Line numbers make it easy to reference specific parts of your JSON structure.

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Tree View

Explore your JSON as an interactive, collapsible tree. Expand and collapse objects and arrays to navigate deeply nested structures and understand the data hierarchy visually.

About JSON Formatting

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is the most widely used data interchange format in modern software development. APIs, configuration files, databases, and messaging systems all rely on JSON to represent structured data. While JSON is easy for machines to parse, raw or minified JSON can be difficult for humans to read and debug. That is where a JSON formatter becomes indispensable.

Why Format JSON?

Formatting JSON -- also called pretty printing or beautifying -- adds proper indentation and line breaks to make the structure visible at a glance. When you are debugging an API response, reviewing a configuration file, or inspecting data from a database, formatted JSON lets you quickly identify nested objects, arrays, missing values, and structural patterns. Minified JSON, on the other hand, removes all unnecessary whitespace to reduce file size for production use, network transfer, and storage.

How This Tool Works

Paste your JSON into the input pane and click Format to pretty print it with syntax highlighting and line numbers. Click Minify to compress it to a single line. Click Validate to check if the structure is valid JSON. The tool parses your input using the standard JSON specification (RFC 8259) and reports precise error locations when validation fails. Everything runs entirely in your browser -- no data is ever sent to a server.

Common Use Cases

Frequently Asked Questions

What is JSON?
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight, text-based data interchange format that is easy for humans to read and write, and easy for machines to parse and generate. It was derived from JavaScript but is completely language-independent, with parsers available in virtually every programming language. JSON is built on two universal data structures: objects (collections of key-value pairs enclosed in curly braces) and arrays (ordered lists of values enclosed in square brackets). JSON supports six data types: strings (double-quoted), numbers, booleans (true/false), null, objects, and arrays. It has become the de facto standard for data exchange on the web, used in REST APIs, configuration files, NoSQL databases like MongoDB, and message queuing systems.
How do I format JSON?
To format JSON using this tool, paste your raw, minified, or unformatted JSON into the input textarea on the left side. Select your preferred indentation level (2 spaces, 4 spaces, or tabs) from the dropdown menu, then click the "Format" button. The tool will parse your JSON, validate its structure, and display a beautifully formatted version in the output pane with syntax highlighting and line numbers. You can then copy the formatted output to your clipboard or download it as a .json file. If your JSON contains syntax errors, the tool will display a detailed error message with the line and column number where the problem was detected.
What makes JSON invalid?
Several common mistakes can make JSON invalid. Trailing commas after the last element in an array or object are not allowed in standard JSON (e.g., [1, 2, 3,] is invalid). All strings and object keys must use double quotes -- single quotes are not valid JSON (e.g., {'key': 'value'} is invalid). JavaScript-specific values like undefined, NaN, and Infinity are not valid JSON values. Comments using // or /* */ are not supported. Unquoted object keys, missing colons between keys and values, mismatched brackets or braces, and unescaped special characters in strings (like literal tabs or newlines) will all cause parse errors. Our validator reports the exact location of these errors to help you fix them quickly.
What is JSON minification?
JSON minification is the process of removing all unnecessary whitespace characters from a JSON document -- including spaces, tabs, and line breaks -- while preserving the data and structure exactly. The resulting minified JSON is a single, compact line that is functionally identical to the formatted version but takes up significantly less space. Minification is commonly used when sending JSON data over a network (API responses, webhook payloads) to reduce bandwidth usage, when storing JSON in databases or caches to save storage space, and in configuration files embedded in URLs or environment variables where space is limited. Our Minify button instantly compresses your JSON and shows you exactly how many characters were saved.
What is the difference between JSON and JavaScript objects?
While JSON syntax was derived from JavaScript object literal notation, they are not the same thing. JSON is a text format with strict rules: all keys must be double-quoted strings, values can only be strings, numbers, booleans, null, objects, or arrays, trailing commas are forbidden, and comments are not allowed. JavaScript objects are runtime data structures that are much more flexible: keys can be unquoted identifiers, values can be any JavaScript type including functions, dates, undefined, symbols, and regular expressions, trailing commas are allowed, and the syntax supports computed property names and shorthand notation. When you call JSON.parse(), you convert a JSON string into a JavaScript object; when you call JSON.stringify(), you convert a JavaScript object into a JSON string (non-serializable values like functions and undefined are omitted).
How do I validate JSON?
To validate JSON, paste your JSON into the input area and click the "Validate" button. The tool uses the standard JSON.parse() method, which strictly follows the JSON specification (RFC 8259). If the JSON is valid, you will see a green success message confirming the structure is well-formed. If it is invalid, you will get a detailed error message indicating what went wrong and, when possible, the exact line and column number where the error was detected. This makes it easy to locate and fix the issue in your original JSON. For programmatic validation, you can use JSON.parse() in JavaScript, json.loads() in Python, or json_decode() in PHP, wrapping the call in a try-catch block to handle errors.
What are common JSON syntax errors?
The most frequently encountered JSON syntax errors include: (1) trailing commas -- adding a comma after the last item in an array or object, (2) single quotes -- using 'value' instead of "value", (3) unquoted keys -- writing {key: "value"} instead of {"key": "value"}, (4) JavaScript values -- using undefined, NaN, or Infinity which are not valid JSON, (5) comments -- adding // comment or /* comment */ which JSON does not support, (6) missing commas between elements, (7) mismatched brackets or braces, (8) unescaped control characters in strings (tabs and newlines must be escaped as \t and \n), and (9) duplicate keys which, while technically parsed by most implementations, can lead to unexpected behavior.
Can I use JSON with comments?
Standard JSON, as defined by RFC 8259 and ECMA-404, does not support comments of any kind. If you include // line comments or /* */ block comments in a JSON file, it will fail to parse. However, several JSON-derived formats support comments: JSONC (JSON with Comments) is used by VS Code for its settings files and supports // and /* */ comments; JSON5 extends JSON with comments, trailing commas, single-quoted strings, and more; and YAML, which is a superset of JSON, natively supports comments with the # character. If you need comments in standard JSON files, a common workaround is to use a dedicated key like "_comment" or "//comment" to store comment text as a regular string value, though this adds to the file size.

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